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Harry Callahan

(American, 1912-1999)

Eleanor, c.1947

New York, 1970

Eleanor and Barbara, Chicago, 1954

Chicago, 1949

Born in Detroit in 1912, Harry Callahan was a self-taught photographer. Callahan began taking pictures in his hometown Detroit for fun, opting for an inexpensive point and shoot camera over an expensive 16mm movie camera. In 1941 he joined a camera club and while there met celebrated photographers of the previous generation including Ansel Adams who gave a workshop for the class. After studying engineering at Michigan State University, Callahan worked as a photographic technician for General Motors, but was hired in 1946 by László Moholy-Nagy to teach photography at the Institute of Design (ID), Chicago. Initially established as the New Bauhaus, the ID was at the forefront of innovative methods of education and teaching photography in America in the mid-20th century. In 1948 Callahan met Edward Steichen, who responded strongly to his work, including it in numerous shows at the Museum of Modern Art, New York. In 1961, Callahan left Chicago to head the photography department at the Rhode Island School of Design, Providence with his friend and former ID colleague Aaron Siskind. He stepped down from the chairmanship in 1973, but continued teaching at the school until his retirement in 1977.

Callahan often transformed his everyday subjects—nature, architecture, city streets, his wife Eleanor and daughter Judith into (barely recognizable) simple forms; a visual essence that still evokes their worldly counterparts. Callahan’s goal, however, was to describe, not to conceal or distort. For each new subject, he refreshed his photographic vocabulary and used his 8×10 view camera and strong sense of design and composition to create meticulously crafted and elegant images.

Harry Callahan produced several monographs of his work including Harry Callahan (1996), Water’s Edge (1980), Harry Callahan: Color (1980), Callahan (1976), Photographs: Harry Callahan (1965), The Multiple Image (1961), and On My Eyes (1960). His work is held in the collections of numerous museums including the Art Institute of Chicago; Museum of Contemporary Photography, Chicago; Museum of Modern Art, New York and the George Eastman House, New York.

—Ashley Siple

Bunnell, Peter C. “Harry Callahan,” Degrees of Guidance: Essays on Twentieth-Century American Photography. Cambridge, Massachusetts: Cambridge University Press, 1993.

Callahan, Harry. “An Adventure in Photography,” Photographers on Photography. Englewood Cliffs, New Jersey: Prentice Hall, Inc., 1966.

Callahan, Harry. Callahan ed. and with intro by John Szarkowski. Millerton, New York: Aperture, 1976.

Callahan, Harry. Harry Callahan: New Color Photographs 1978-1987 with an essay by Keith F. Davis. Kansas City, Missouri: Hallmark Cards, 1988.

Coleman, Alan D, “Harry Callahan: An Interview,” Creative Camera International Year Book 1977, London: Coo Press Ltd., 1976.

Diamonstein, Barbaralee, with Harry Callahan. Visions and Images: American Photographers on Photography. New York: Rizzoli International Publications, Inc., 1981.

Greenough, Sarah. Harry Callahan. Boston: Dist. Bulfinch Press/Little Brown and Company, 1996.

Taken By Design: Photographs from the Institute of Design, 1937-1971 edited by David Travis and Elizabeth Siegel. Chicago: Art Institute of Chicago in association with the University of Chicago Press, 2002.

Ware, Katherine. Elemental Landscapes: Photographs by Harry Callahan. Philadelphia, PA: Philadelphia Museum of Art, 2001.